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Distribution of European Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) haplogroups by region in percentage

Last update : February 2010 (Armenians, Azeris, Basques, Bashkirs, Bosnians, Cantabrians, Cypriots, Galicians, Kurds, Macedonians)

Human Y-chromosome DNA can be divided in genealogical groups sharing a common ancestor. These are called haplogroups . To know what ancient ethnic group is associated with each haplogroup, please check European Haplogroups : origins, geographic spread and relation to ethnic groups .

Note that figures are only indicative. Several sources were used and averages recalculated by merging the data available. Being approximations, numbers were rounded up to 0.5%. Frequencies inferior to 0.25% are indicated as 0%. A non-exhaustive list of the sources used for this page can be found here .

Ethnicities by haplogroup (simplified - subclades used for specifics)

Region / Haplogroup I1 I2a I2b R1a R1b G2a J2 J1 E1b1b T (+ L ) Q N1c1
Albania 3 17 3 9 16 2 24.5 3.5 22 0 0 0
Austria 12 6 2 26 23 8 12 0 9 1 0.5 0.5
Belarus 3 18 1 49 10 0 1.5 0 9 1.5 1 5
Belgium 12.5 3.5 4.5 4 59.5 4 5 1 4 1 0.5 0
Bosnia-Herzegovina 2.5 50 0.5 13.5 4 2 6 1 14.5 2.5 0 0
Bulgaria 3 20 1 18 18 1 20 0 16 1 1 0
Croatia 8 42 1 29 8 1 3.5 0 6 1.5 0 0
Czech Republic 11 9 4 34 22 5 6 0 6 1 1.5 0.5
Cyprus 0 8 0 3 9 9 37 6 20 5 0 0
Denmark 30.5 0.5 5 12.5 44.5 1 3 0 2.5 0 0 1.5
England 14 2.5 4.5 4.5 67 1.5 3.5 0 2 0.5 0.5 0
Estonia 15 3 0.5 32 8 0 1 0 2.5 3.5 0.5 34
Finland 28 0 1 7.5 3.5 0 0 0 1 0 0.5 58.5
France 9.5 3 4 2.5 61 5 7 0 7 1 0 0
Germany 16 1.5 4.5 16 44.5 5 4.5 0 5.5 1 0.5 1
  • North Germany
    		• 18 1 5 23 38 3.5 4 0.5 2.5 1 2 1.5
  • East Germany
    		• 19.5 1 3 24 36 4 2 0 7.5 1 1 1
  • West Germany
    		• 13 2.5 7 9 47 5 5 0 8 1.5 0.5 1.5
  • South Germany
    		• 9.5 5 3 9.5 48.5 7.5 5.5 1 7.5 1.5 0.5 0.5
    Greece 4 10 1.5 12 12 3.5 25 2 27 3 0 0
    Hungary 8 15 2.5 32.5 17 5 7 0 9.5 1 1 1
    Iceland 33 0 0 23 42 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
    Ireland 7 2 4 3 79 1 1.5 0 2 0 0 0
    Italy 2.5 3 1 2.5 49 7 18 2 11 4 0 0
  • North Italy
    		• 6 2.5 2.5 3.5 55 2.5 11.5 0.5 11 4.5 0 0
  • Central Italy
    		• 3 2 5 3.5 43 8.5 19.5 2 10 3.5 0 0
  • South Italy
    		• 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 29 8.5 23.5 5 18 5.5 0 0
  • Sicily
    		• 3 1 1 4.5 30 5.5 26.5 4 17.5 6 1 0
  • Sardinia
    		• 0 37 0 0 22 15 10 2.5 10 1.5 2 0
    Latvia 6 1 1 40 12 0 0.5 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 38
    Lithuania 6 6 1 38 5 0 0 0 1 0.5 0.5 42
    Macedonia 10 18 0 13.5 13.5 4 12 0 23 4 0 0
    Netherlands 18.5 1 6 6 53.5 2.5 6 0 4.5 1 0.5 0.5
    Norway 36 0 1 28 28 0.5 1 0 1 0.5 0.5 4
    Poland 6 9 1 56.5 16.5 2 1 1 3.5 0 0 0
    Portugal 2 1.5 3 1.5 58 6.5 8 3 12.5 2 0.5 0
    Romania 1.5 17.5 2 22 22 1 24 0 6 2 2 0
    Russia 5 10.5 0 46 6 1 3 0 2.5 1.5 1.5 23
  • Bashkirs
    		• 0 0 0 26 47 0.5 2 0 0 0 0 17
    Scotland 9 1 4 8.5 72.5 0.5 2 0 1.5 0.5 0.5 0
    Serbia 2 29 4 15 7 1 10 1 24 7 0 0
    Slovakia 6 10 1 40 23 1 4 0 11 1 2.5 0.5
    Spain 2 4 1 2 69 3 4 1 6 1 0 0
  • Basques
    		• 0 9 0 0 86 0 2.5 1 1 0 0.5 0
  • Cantabrians
    		• 1 3 2 8.5 55 10.5 3 2.5 11 2.5 0 0
  • Galicians
    		• 3 2.5 1.5 0 60 3 3.5 1 25 0.5 0 0
    Sweden 42 0 2 23.5 21 0.5 1 0 1 0 0.5 7
    Switzerland 7 1 3 5 48 10 6 0 9 0.5 0.5 0
    Turkey 1 4 0.5 7.5 15 11 21 12.5 11 2 2 4
    Ukraine 2 12 1 50 4 4 10 0 8 2 5 2
    Wales 6 0.5 1 2 82 4 1.5 0 2 1 0 0

    Notes

    Turkey is the only country that includes a sizeable percentage of Asian and African haplogroups not listed in this table (A, ExE1b1b, C, H, L, O, R2) representing 8.5% of the total. Haplogroup L alone makes up 4% of the Turkish population.

    The division of Italy is as follows: North Italy is everything until Liguria and Emilia-Romagna; Central Italy comprises Tuscany, Marche, Umbria, Latium and Abruzzo. South Italy is everything else to the south, except Sardinia and Sicily, which have been made into separate categories due to their specific history and relative geographic isolation. Sources for the Italian regional breakdown .

    Our division of Germany was made this way : North Germany includes the Schleswig-Holstein, Lower Saxony (+ Hamburg and Bremen) and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. West Germany is the Rhineland, Hesse and Saarland. South Germany is Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria. East Germany is composed of Brandenburg, Berlin, Saxony-Anhalt, Saxony and Thuringia.

    The sample size for each country or region is at least of 100. Italy, Germany, England and Ireland have over 2000 samples each, France and Spain over 1000, Portugal over 900, Belgium over 750, the Netherlands, Finland and Hungary over 650, Greece and Turkey over 500.

    Surrounding regions

    Region / Haplogroup I R1a R1b G J2 J1 E T L Q N Others
    Armenia 4 8 28 11 22 0 5 6 4 0 2 12
    Azerbaijan 3 7 11 18 20 12 6 11 0 0 0 15
    Egypt 1 3 2 9 11 21 40 8 0 0 0 5
    Georgia 3.5 9 11 31 24.5 2 4.5 2.5 3 0 0 10.5
    Iran 3 16.5 6.5 10 12 10 4.5 3 4 4 2.5 27
    Iraq 5 6.5 11 3 27 31 11 7 3 0 0 0
    Kurdistan (Turkey) 25 19.5 8 12.5 7 0 2.5 6.5 0 0 0 18.5
    Lebanon 3.5 3 6.5 5 34 13 20 3.5 5 1 0 5.5
    Morocco 0 0 4 4 3 9 80 0 0 0 0 0
    Syria 5 10 13.5 3 17 30 11.5 5 3 0 0 2
    Tunisia 1 1 4.5 3.5 4 30 52 4 0 0 0 0

     

     

     

    Notes

    Turkey is the only country that includes a sizeable percentage of Asian and African haplogroups not listed in this table (A, ExE1b1b, C, H, L, O, R2) representing 8.5% of the total. Haplogroup L alone makes up 4% of the Turkish population.

    The division of Italy is as follows: North Italy is everything until Liguria and Emilia-Romagna; Central Italy comprises Tuscany, Marche, Umbria, Latium and Abruzzo. South Italy is everything else to the south, except Sardinia and Sicily, which have been made into separate categories due to their specific history and relative geographic isolation. Sources for the Italian regional breakdown .

    Our division of Germany was made this way : North Germany includes the Schleswig-Holstein, Lower Saxony (+ Hamburg and Bremen) and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. West Germany is the Rhineland, Hesse and Saarland. South Germany is Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria. East Germany is composed of Brandenburg, Berlin, Saxony-Anhalt, Saxony and Thuringia.

    The sample size for each country or region is at least of 100. Italy, Germany, England and Ireland have over 2000 samples each, France and Spain over 1000, Portugal over 900, Belgium over 750, the Netherlands, Finland and Hungary over 650, Greece and Turkey over 500.

    Surrounding regions